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EXTINCTION: Extinction refers to a procedure in
which reinforcement of a previously reinforced operant performance
is discontinued. Thus, if a performance has previously occurred
with a certain frequency because it has produced food, we describe
the situation as extinction when the
performance is no longer followed by food. The use of the term here
is specifically limited to the procedure of discontinuing
reinforcement. The usual and most prominent effect of extinction is to decrease the frequency of a
performance. Thus the effect of extinction on the organism's performance occurs as
a result of each unreinforced emission of the performance. If the
animal has no opportunity to engage in the behavior, then the term
extinction is inappropriate. When a
previously conditioned performance is extinguished (no longer
reinforced), it generally occurs initially with a high frequency
and then falls continuously until its rate reaches near zero.
Occasionally, the rate of a performance may actually increase
(although temporarily) when the performance is no longer
reinforced. Such cases make it even more important to use the term
extinction to describe the procedure of
discontinuing reinforcement rather than as a description of a
change in the animal's performance. Otherwise, we would be in the
unfortunate position of saying, "The performance was extinguished,
but it did not extinguish." |
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EXTINCTION:
is the procedure by which an event that followed a behavior in the past is not reinforced and the probability (or rate) of the behavior decreases.
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EXTINCTION: Is a process in which a response is repeated without reinforcement.
When we extinguish a behavior, we withhold the reinforcement that
has maintained that behavior in the past so that responses go
unreinforced. Note that extinguish is not the same as eliminate.
There are many ways of eliminating a behavior besides extinction. |
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EXTINCTION:
There is no definition currently available.
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EXTINCTION BURST: A sharp increase in the frequency of a behavior that is on
extinction. Extinction bursts usually
occur soon after a behavior is placed on extinction. |
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EXTINCTION BURST:
A rapid burst of responses that occurs when extinction is first implemented.
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EXTINCTION BURST:
A temporary increase in the rate and intensity of various responses (the target behavior, aggression, crying, and or other more positive behavior previously followed by the reinforcer) immediately after the cessation of reinforcement or the introduction of extinction. 23
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EXTINCTION GRADIENT:
A gradient obtained after extinction, when the extinction stimulus is represented on the continuum along which the gradient is determined. In one type, responding is first reinforced during several stimuli along the continuum and is then extinguished during only one of them. In another, reinforcement is correlated with stimulus 1 and extinction with stimulus 2, but only stimulus 2 is represented on the continuum along which the gradient is determined (e.g., stimulus 1 is a form and stimulus 2 is a color, and the gradient is determined along the wavelength continuum). Cf. INHIBITORY GRADIENT.
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EXTINCTION STIMULUS(S^):
An S^, pronounced S-delta,is a stimulus that sets the occasion for a decrease in operant responses. For example, an "out of order" sign on a vending machine decreases the probability of putting money in the machine.
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EXTINCTION/RECOVERY TEST:
Is the SA contingency always extinction or recovery?
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